Day: February 6, 2009

Fun with JSON and WCF, Part II

Following the web app I mentioned in Fun with JSON and WCF (Part I), I ran into another issue with WCF hosted in IIS and serving the callers through JSON objects. My application uses integrated windows authentication to authenticate the users and grant / deny access based on the given credentials. Therefore, I have turned off anonymous access for the entire virtual directory the application is running in and turned on integrated windows authentication. Now when invoking the JSON service, I get the following exception.

[NotSupportedException: Security settings for this service require 'Anonymous' Authentication but it is not enabled for the IIS application that hosts this service.]
   System.ServiceModel.Channels.HttpChannelListener.ApplyHostedContext(VirtualPathExtension virtualPathExtension, Boolean isMetadataListener) +11453217
   System.ServiceModel.Activation.VirtualPathExtension.ApplyHostedContext(TransportChannelListener listener, BindingContext context) +75
   System.ServiceModel.Channels.HttpTransportBindingElement.BuildChannelListener(BindingContext context) +119
   System.ServiceModel.Channels.BindingContext.BuildInnerChannelListener() +66
   System.ServiceModel.Channels.MessageEncodingBindingElement.InternalBuildChannelListener(BindingContext context) +67
   System.ServiceModel.Channels.WebMessageEncodingBindingElement.BuildChannelListener(BindingContext context) +47
   System.ServiceModel.Channels.BindingContext.BuildInnerChannelListener() +66
[...]

This indicates that according to the configuration of the service binding, anonymous access is to be allowed however IIS does not allow it. Apart from the fact that I don’t understand in the first place, why the service would care about this (if it was the other way around, I’d understand), fixing it is simple. It again requires changes in the Web.config, like follows.

<configuration>
    <!-- ... -->
    <system.serviceModel>
        <behaviors>
            <!-- ... -->
        </behaviors>
        <serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" />
        <services>
            <service behaviorConfiguration="MyServiceTypeBehavior" name="MyService">
                <endpoint address="" behaviorConfiguration="MyServiceAspNetAjaxBehavior"
                          binding="webHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="ServiceAuth"
                          contract="MyService" />
            </service>
        </services>
        <bindings>
            <webHttpBinding>
                <binding name="ServiceAuth">
                    <security mode="TransportCredentialOnly">
                        <transport clientCredentialType="Windows"/>
                    </security>
                </binding>
            </webHttpBinding>
        </bindings>
    </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

The bindingConfiguration attribute on line 11 refers to the new webHttpBinding definition from lines 17 to 21. Client authentication is there specified to be integrated windows authentication.